Method of and means for use in lasting boots and shoes



June 8, 1937. w. MACKENSEN 2,082,841

METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR USE IN LASTING BOOTS AND SHOES Fild Nov. 20, 193-4 4 ShetsSheet 1 WVENTUR:

June 8, 1937. w. MACKENSEN METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR USE IN LASTING BOOTS AND SHOES Filed Nov. 20, 1934 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 K 36' Fi M/ENTU Q' W HM June 8, 1937.

W. MACKENSEN METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR USE IN LASTING BOOTS AND SHOES Filed Nov. 20, 1934 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 June 8, 1937. w. MACKENSEN 2,082,841

METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR USE IN LASTING BOO TS AND SHOES Filed NOV. 20, 1954 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 12 12 4% Fig? 11 10.2 106 72 F g 10 i M/ENTU .206 WM A Patented June 8, 1937 METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR use at LASTING BOOTS AND SHOES ,William Mackensen, New York, N. Y., assignor to United Shoe Machinery Corporation, Paterson, N. J., a corporation of New Jersey Application November 20, 1934, Serial No. 753,917

37 Claims.

The present invention relates to methods of and means for use in lasting boots and shoes.

An object of the invention is to provide simple and eflicient means for lasting the sides and/or an end or ends of a shoe in one operation. A further object of the invention is to provide means for holding in lasted position an upper which has been treated with adhesive in order to secure it to the margin of an insole.

Features of the invention are to be recognized in a lasting apparatus comprising an upper-em.

gaging member, herein illustrated as a lasting wiper, constructed and arranged to move inward- 1y over the last bottom, a bladder, a container in 5 which the bladder and the wiper are so arranged that inflation of the bladder advances the wiper,

a source of fluid under pressure, for example an air compressor, and means for conducting compressed air to the bladder. In the illustrated lasting apparatus four wipers are provided,o-ne at each side and one at each end of the shoe, said wipers being arranged to last an upper over an insole mounted on a last bottom. Each of the wipers has a bladder formed integrally therewith and means is provided for conducting fluid under pressure, for example compressed air, to the bladders. For supporting the wipers and the bladders a container is provided, herein illustrated as an endless shell provided with an opening ar- 30 ranged to permit overwiping movement of the wipers. An important feature of the invention consists of a member or plate constructed and arranged to be fastened temporarily to the bottom face of an insole mounted on a last with the edge 35 face of said plate spaced uniformly from the edge face of the insole, the edge face of said plate being constructed to provide an abutment against which a portion of the margin of an upper may be lasted in upstanding position, and means for 40 holding the margin of the upper against said abutment, said holding means, as herein illustrated, comprising the wipers above referred to which are portable with the last while holding the upper in lasted position. r

In one of its aspects the present invention provides a method of making shoes which comprises supporting on a last a shoe which has been treated with adhesive to hold the upper in position after lasting, and simultaneously stretching .30 the upper heightwise of thelast and wiping the upper over an insole mounted on the last bottom, said stretching and wiping, as herein illustrated, being efiected by the wipers above referred to, which operate by frictional engagement with the 55 lasting margin of the shoe upper,

These and other aspects and features of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings and will be pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a plan view illustrating the lasting apparatus in operative relation to a pulled-over upper, part of the shell within which the wiping elements are contained being broken away and the underlying parts illustrated in cross section;

Fig. 2 is a plan view similar to Fig. 1 illustratrating the side wipers at the limit of their overwiping movement and the end wipers in their position in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a plan view similar to Figs. 1 and 2 illustrating both the side wipers and the end wipers at the limit of their overwiping movement.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken substantially on the line IV-IV of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken substantially on the line VV of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view similar to Figs. 4 and 5 illustrating an intermediate stage in the side lasting operation;

Fig. 7 is a side elevation, 'partly in section, illustrating a work support adapted to support a shoe during the lasting operation;

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the forepart an the shank of a lasted shoe showing a portion of the overlasted margin at one side of the shoe upstanding on the shoe bottom while on the other side of the shoe the upstanding material has been trimmed off;

Fig. 9 is a side elevation, partly in section, illustrating an alternative work support with a lasted shoe supported therein;

Fig. 10 is a sectional view of a lasted shoe and fragments of the toe wiping mechanism taken substantially on the line X-X of Fig. 9, the alternative toe support illustrated in Fig. 9 being shown separated from the insole-engaging plate; and

Fig. 11 is a sectional view of a last with a skeleton insole thereon together with an insoleengaging plate adapted for use with a skeleton type of insole, the section of the last being taken substantially on the line XI-XI of Fig. 9.

Referring now to Fig. 1, the illustrated lasting apparatus consists of a pair of side wipers ill, a toe wiper l2 and a heel wiper l4, each of which is formed integrally with a bladder 20, the bladder and wiper combinations as herein illustrated being made of elastic material, for example vulcanized rubber. The wiper and bladder combinations are contained within an endless metal shell 5' which is divided into four compartments for the respective bladders by partitions l8, the opposite walls of which converge inwardly of the shell and come together at its inner extremity. The body portion 22 of the shell (Fig. 4) is gen- 5 erally tubular throughout its entire extent, the interior diameter of said body portion being somewhat greater than the exterior diameter of the bladders 20 in their deflated condition, as illustrated in Fig. 4. V The wipers I8. 12 and I4 are provided, re-

spectively, with wiping edges 2| (Fig. 4) and the condition of the rubber from which the wipers are formed is such that while the wipers are sufliciently stiff to maintain their general shape 15 during the lasting operation, when brought into engagement with the lasting allowance, as shown in Fig. 6, they engage the same frictionally and exert a pull on the upper as they move inwardly over the shoe bottom, thereby imparting to the upper a considerable tension heightwise of the shoe simultaneously with the overwiping operation. In order that a suflicient frictional engagement of the wipers with the lasting allowance may be effected it is, of course, necessary for the operator to exert considerable pressure on the shell H5 in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 6 as the wipers move inwardly over the shoe bottom. The movements of the wipers are controlled and directed by the shell l6, said shell, as herein illustrated, being provided with marginal portions 24 and 26 arranged to extend inwardly of the shell, the margin 24 being substantially tangential to the curvature of the body portion of the shell while the margin 26 is arranged parallel to the margin 24 and spaced downwardly therefrom to the extent of the thickness of the wiper. The margins 24 and 26 of the shell provide guideways for the respective Wipers which control and direct their overwiping movement and also provide a support for the wipers in all stages of the wiping operation.

In Fig. 1 there is illustrated a source of fluid under pressure, for example an air compressor illustrated diagrammatically at 28 and tubes for conducting compressed air to the bladders 20. In order that the side wipers It! may be actuated simultaneously a divided tube 38 having two branches may be provided for conducting compressed air from the compressor 28 to inlet tubes 32 which are secured to the shell and arranged to admit compressed air into the bladders 28. The tube 38 may also be employed to inflate the end bladders or, if desired, separate tubes may be provided for this purpose. It will be seen that the shell l6 serves to restrict inflation of the bladders 28 and to direct the application of air pressure against the wipers after the bladders have been inflated sufliciently to fill the body portion of the shell.

The wipers are arrested at the limits of their respective overwiping movements by an abutment in the form of a plate 34 (Fig. 5) temporarily attached to an insole 36 on the last bottom by tacks 38 which extend through the insole and into the last. As illustrated in Fig. 3 the plate 34 has the general outline of a shoe bottom and is substantially smaller in area than the shoe bottom to which it is attached. The contour of the plate 34 has the same characteristics as the contour of the bottom of the last to which it is attached and the plate is so disposed on the bottom face of the insole that its edge face is uniformly spaced from the edge of the insole, said spacing determining the width of the over- 75 lasted margin of the upper in the .filfithed shoe,

In addition to its function of arresting the wipers at the limit of their overwiping movement the plate 34 also serves to guide the wipers in order to cause them to move downwardly toward the shoe bottom and thus to press the overlasted margin of the upper against the margin of the insole 36. To this end the edge face 48 of the plate 34 is arranged to incline outwardly of the plate (Fig. 4) the inclination of the edge face 48 being substantially the same as the inclination of the edge faces 42 of the respective wipers. In order that the edge face 48 of the plate 34 may afford a suflicient height of guiding surface the plate 34, adjacent to its edge face, is of substantially the same thickness as the wipers and gradually diminishes in thickness from its edge face to its body portion. The outward inclination of said edge face 48 enables the plate 34 to hold the wipers, in their overwiped position, pressed against the overlasted margin of the upper. As the wipers come to the limit of their overwiping movement any surplus upper stock, for example, the excess margin 48 (Fig. 5), is pressed against the edge face 40 of the plate 34 and bent into upstanding position on the insole, in which position it may readily be trimmed off in order to leave a uniform overlasted margin and a smooth surface to which to secure an outsole. While the exact angle of the edge face 48 to the insole 36 may be varied considerably, an edge face arranged at an angle of 45 to the insole is considered to be well adapted to guide the wipers as above described.

The work support illustrated in Fig. '7 is organized to permit the shoe to be supported in inverted position for the side lasting operation and then reversed to support the shoe in upright position during the end lasting operations. As illustrated, the work support consists of a base member or pedestal 50 which is preferably secured to a bench 52 by screws 54, the upper surface 56 of the pedestal being substantially flat in order to receive a U-shaped bracket 58 having a downwardly extending boss or hub 68 which engages the surface 56 of the pedestal and is pivoted to the pedestal by means of a shouldered screw 62. Pivoted to the upper ends of the U-shaped bracket 58 on an axis extending longitudinally of the supported shoe 64 is an open rectangular frame 66 which is yieldingly held in a vertical plane with either end uppermost by a latch pin 68 arranged to engage a llternatively in sockets 10 provided in the U eshaped bracket. The shoe 64 is supported within the rectangular frame 66 between shoe bottom engaging members comprising a toe post 12, a heel post 14 and a shank post I6 which engage the plate 34 on the shoe bottom and members constructed and arranged to engage the cone of the last 18 comprising a post 88 fixed to theframe 66 and provided with a short, tapered pin 82 for engagement within the last pin hole and a post 84 adjustable heightwise of the shoe 64 and also adjustable toward and from the post 80. As illustrated, the post 84 is adjustable toward and from the post 88 by moving said post lengthwise of a slot 86in the frame 86, within which slot the threaded end of the post 84 is positioned. The post 84 is clamped in position by clamping nuts 88 and 98 arranged to engage opposite faces of the frame 66. The post 84 may be adjusted vertically by changing the position of the nut 90. shoe bottom engaging posts are carried by a table 92 arranged for movement heightwise of the supported shoe in order to bring the last into engagement with the posts 88 and 84. Each of said shoe The bottom engaging posts is provided-with a square head 04 constructed and arranged to slide within a T-way 98 provided in the upper surface of the table 92 and arranged to extend longitudinally of the supported shoe. The posts I2, I4 and I8 are identical in construction, except for their shoe bottom engaging members, the construction being best illustrated by the heel post I4. As illustrated. the post I4 consists of a screw 98, the upper half of which, as seen in Fig. 7, is provided with a socket I extending lengthwise 'of the screw 98 and threaded for the reception of a. screw I02 the ball end of which carries ashoe bottom engaging member I04. The post I4 may be clamped within the 7-way 98 by a thumb nut I08 while the ballended screw I02 may be clamped in adjusted heightwise position by a knurled nut I08 which engages the upper end face of the screw 98 and locks the screws 88 and I 02 together. In order that the shank post I8 may engage the narrow body portion of the plate 34 at the shank of the shoe, said post has swiveled on its upper ,end a blunt-pointed pin IIO which is arranged eccentrically of its hub H2 in order to permit adjustment of the pin widthwise of the supported shoe. The shoe bottom engaging members are yieldingly held against the bottom of a supported shoe by a compression spring II4 positioned in a socket I I6 provided in a boss IIO extending downwardly from the frame 66, said spring engaging the under surface of a hub I20 extending downwardly'from the table 92 and arranged to slide in the socket II6. Upward movement of the table 92 when there is no shoe in the support is limited bya headed screw I22 which extends through a'bore in the lower wall of the boss I I8 and is screwed to the hub no of the table 92. It will be seen thatthe screw I22 also maintains a proper alinement of the hub I20 with the socket H6. The table is held against rotation by a spline I24 arranged for engagement within suitable grooves in the boss H8 and the hub I20.

One method of lasting shoes in accordance with the present invention consists in arranging the lasting apparatus in operative relation to a pulled-over shoe, as illustrated in Fig. 1, presenting the shoe with the lasting apparatus associated therewith to the shoe support, bringing the plate 34 into engagement with the posts I2, I4, and I6 and pressing the shoe downwardly against the resistance of the spring II4 until the cone of the last is in position to move inwardly under the posts 80 and 84, whereupon the shoe is permitted to move upwardly under the pressure of the spring I I4 in order to clamp the shoe in position for the lasting operation. It will be seen that the shoe is securely held in the work support either right side up, as shown in Fig. '7, or in inverted, position and that the operator may use both hands to position the lasting apparatus relatively to the supported shoe. The frame 8.6 is now reversed in order to invert the supported shoe thereby making the shoe bottom visible to the operator during the side lasting operation and also making it more convenient for the operator to apply manual '34 and also to insure frictional engagement of the wipers with the upper. As the wipers advance from their position illustrated in Fig. 4 to their position in Fig. 6 the plate 34 serves as an abutmentagainst which the wipers bend the margin 48 of the upper into a substantially upright position as shown in Fig. 6, thereby forming in the upper an angle at the apex of which the wiping edges 2I of the respective wipers -engage the upper. Thus it will be seen that a frictional engagement of the wipers with the upper sufficient to enable the wipers to effect a considerable up draw of the upper is insured.

After the side lasting operation has been completed the nozzles I28 are detached from the inlet tubes at the sides of the shell I6, Schrader type valves I28 in the tubes retaining the air pressure in the bladders. The lasting apparatus is now to the inlet tubes 32 at opposite ends of the shell in orderto admit air into the bladders formed integrally with the end wipers. Consequently the supported shoe may be inverted after the side lasting operation, if desired, in order to permit the operator to observe the action of the end lasting operations upon the upper. The wiping operation at the sides or at either end of the shoe may be repeated if desired by detaching the proper nozzle, deflating the bladder in order to permit retraction of the wiper and then securing the nozzle again to the inlet tube in order to inflate the bladder a second time. It will be seen that after the end lasting operations the lasting apparatus is securely clamped to the shoe about its entire periphery and may be removed from the shoe support with the shoe and may remain with the shoe until such time as it is desired to remove it therefrom. When .it is desired to remove the lasting apparatus from the shoe all that is required of the operator is to deflate the bladu ders 20 in order to release the pressure of the wipers against the edge face of the plate 34.

After the wiper assembly has been removed from the shoe the plate 34 is lifted from the last bottom and the upstanding portion of the overlasted margin of the upper is trimmed off, for example, by means of a hand knife.

If it is desired to avoid the formation of tack holes in the insole the alternative construction of the plate 34 and the shoe-bottom engaging members I04 illustrated in Figs. 9 and may be employed. In the illustrated alternative construction the plate 34 is positively maintained in predetermined relation to the toe post I2 by the engagement of a stud I32 extending downwardly from the toe end of the plate 34, as seen in Fig.

10, for engagementwithin a shallow socket I30 provided in the member I04-. Similarly, the heel end of the plate 34 is maintained in predetermined relation to the heel post I4 by a stud I34 on the plate 34 constructed and arranged to enter a shallow socket in the member I04 at the top of the heel post. The plate 34, as illustrated in Fig. 9,

is provided with insole-engaging points I36 and I38 which are not long enough to extend through the insole but serve, nevertheless, to prevent the insole for sliding upon the plate 34.

In employing the illustrated alternative construction it is not convenient for the operator to position the shell I6, the plate 34, and the last with the upper thereon together in the work support since the plate 34 is not attached to the insole but must be held against the insole by the operator, and accordingly the preferred procedure is to place the shell I6 in the work support on the table 92 and thereafter to arrange the plate at relatively to the insole 3B, whereupon the work may be mounted in the work support as hereinbefore described, care being taken to insure engagement of the studs I32 and I34 in their respective sockets. After the work has been positioned in the work support the last may conveniently be adjusted relatively to the insole if necessary. The operator then positions the lasting apparatus relatively to the work and proceeds with the lasting operation as above described.

When the illustrated apparatus is employed in the manufacture of shoes provided with skeleton insoles such, for example, as the insole I46 illustrated in Fig. 11, the alternative insole plate illustrated in Fig. 11 may be employed. This plate has a raised portion I42 having a beveled edge face constructed and arranged to register accurately with the beveled wall of the opening in the forepart of the insole I46. While the engagement of the raised portion M2 of the plate within the.opening in the insole I46 tends to prevent relative horizontal movement of the plate and insole, points I44 may be provided in the margin of the plate for engagement with the insole in order to prevent relative movement of the insole and the plate. The raised portion I42 not only prevents horizontal movement of the plate relatively to the skeleton insole but also serves as a gage whereby the plate may readily be located centrally of the insole.

It is to be understood that the plate 3d is not limited to use in the manufacture of shoes provided with insoles other than skeleton insoles but may be employed universally on all types of insoles including the skeleton type if considered desirable in order to obviate the provision of two sets of plates.

While it is within the scope of the present invention to secure the upper in lasted position in various ways, the illustrated lasting apparatus is a particularly suited to a system of lasting which includes attachment of the overlasted upper materials to the insole by means of pyroxylin cement. The cement is preferably applied to the parts to be united and permitted to dry before the pulling-over operation. After the shoe has been pulled over and positioned in the work support for the lasting operation the pulling-over tacks are removed and an activator, for example acetone, is applied to the cemented surfaces in any convenient manner. After the shoe has been lasted the lasting apparatus may remain on the shoe while the cement sets in order to maintain pressure upon the cemented surfaces suflicient to insure the creation of a permanent bond therebetween.

While the lasting operation as above described consists in lasting the sides of the shoe and thereafter lasting the ends of the shoe it is to be understood that the invention is not thus limited in its scope but, on the contrary, it is within the scope of the present invention to last the ends of the shoe before lasting the sides of the shoe or simultaneously therewith, if so desired.

Furthermore, the illustrated lasting apparatus is not limited to the lasting of shoes which have been previously pulled over, the apparatus being well adapted to last shoes which have not been previously pulled over, particularly shoes having fabric uppers which require only a light, lengthwise tension to stretch them over the last. Such tension could be effected in the toe lasting operation, which in this case would preferably precede the side lasting operation.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. Lasting apparatus comprising a member constructed and arranged to be held against the bottom face of a skeleton insole mounted on a last and provided with a raised portion constructed and arranged to register with the wall of the opening in the insole, the margin of said member being formed to provide an abutment flaring outwardly from the last bottom, against which abutment a portion of the margin of an upper may be lasted in upstanding position, and means for holding the margin of the -upper against said abutment.

2. Lasting apparatus comprising a plate constructed and arranged to be fastened temporarily to the bottom face of an insole with the edge face of said plate spaced uniformly from the edge face of the insole, the edge face of said plate being constructed to provide an abutment against which to last a portion of the margin of an upper in upstanding position, and wipers for lasting the margin of the upper over the insole and against said abutment, said wipers being portable with the last while holding the upper in lasted posi tion.

3. Lasting apparatus comprising an upper-engaging member constructed and arranged to move inwardly over the last bottom, a bladder, a container in which the bladder and the member are so arranged that inflation of the bladder advances the member, a source of fluid under pressure, and means for conducting fluid under pressure from said source to the bladder.

4. Lasting apparatus comprising an upper engaging member shaped to conform generally to the outline of a shoe bottom, a bladder, a. container for the bladder and the member, a source of fluid under pressure, and means for conducting fluid under pressure from said source to the bladder thereby distending the bladder and moving the member into engagement with the upper.

5. Lasting apparatus comprising a plurality of lasting members,- a plurality of bladders constructed and arranged to operate the lasting members, respectively, by their expansion, a container for the bladders provided with chambers in which the bladders are individually located, a source of fluid under pressure, and means for conducting fluid under pressure from said source to the bladders. I

6. Lasting apparatus comprising a plurality of overwiping members, a plurality of bladders for operating said members, respectively, by their expansion, a container for the bladders provided with chambers into which the bladders are individually fitted, said chambers serving to limit extension of the bladders endwise thereof and to limit expansion of the bladders, a source of fluid under pressure, and means for conducting fluid under pressure from said source to the bladder.

7. Lasting apparatus comprising a wiper provided with a wiping edge and arranged to wipe an upper over an insole mounted on a last bottom, a bladder formed integrally with the wiper, a container for the bladder, a source of fluid under pressure, and means for conducting fluid under pressure from said source to the bladder thereby distending the bladder and moving the wiper into lasting engagement with the upper.

8. Lasting apparatus comprising side wipers and end wipers provided respectively with wiping edges and arranged to wipe an upper over an insole mounted on a last bottom, each of said wipers having a bladder formed integrally therewith, a container for the bladders, a source of fluid under pressure, and means for conducting fluid under pressure from said source to the bladders thereby distending the bladders and moving the wipers into lasting engagement with the upper.

9. Lasting apparatus comprising side wipers and end wipers provided respectively with wiping edges and arranged to wipe an upper over an insole mounted on a last bottom, each of said wipers having a bladder formed integrally therewith, a

container for the bladders, partitions in the container constructed and arranged to obstruct endwise expansion of the bladders, a source of fluid under pressure, and means for conducting fluid 20 under pressure from said source to the bladders thereby distending the bladders and moving the wipers into lasting engagement with the upper.

10. Lasting apparatus comprising side wipers and end wipers provided respectively with wiping edges and arranged to wipe an upper over an insole mounted on a last bottom, each of said wipers having a bladder formed integrally therewith, a container for the bladders, a source of fluid under pressure, and a divided fluid con- 0 ductor extending from the source of fluid pressure to the various bladders thereby distending the bladders and moving the wipers into lasting engagement with the upper.

11. Lasting apparatus comprising a wiper provided with a wiping edge, an endless shell within which the wiper is mounted, a bladder in the shell arranged to advance the wiper by inflation of the bladder, said shell being provided with an opening arranged to permit overwiping movement of the wiper, a source of fluid under pressure, and means for conducting fluid under pressure from said source to the bladder thereby, to inflate the bladder.

12. Lasting apparatus comprising a wiper provided with a wiping edge, a bladder formed integrally with the wiper, an endless shell for supporting the bladder, said shell being provided with an opening arranged to permit over-wiping movement of the wiper, a source of fluid under pressure, and means for conducting fluid under pressure from said source to the bladder thereby thrusting the wiper through the opening into lasting position.

13. Lasting apparatus comprising a wiper provided with a wiping edge, a bladder formed integrally with the wiper, an endless shell for supporting the bladder, the marginal portions of said shell being substantially parallel and spaced from each other to the extent of the thickness of the wiper, a source of fluid under pressure, and means for conducting fluid under pressure from said source to the bladder thereby moving the wiper outwardly from the shell into lasting position.

14. Lasting apparatus comprising side wipers and end wipers provided respectively with wiping edges, each of said wipers having a bladder formed integrally therewith, a container for the bladders comprising an endless tubular shell the marginal portions of which are parallel and spaced apart to the extent of the thickness of the wipers, said marginal portions of the shell being arranged to direct the over-wiping movem ents of the wipers, a source of fluid under pressure, and means for conducting fluid under pres- 5 sure from said source to the bladders thereby wipers, and a plate attached to the shoe bottom and provided with a wiper-guidingsurface inclined outwardly toward the margin of the shoe bottom, the respective wipers being provided with surfaces arranged to interact with said wiperguiding surface in order to hold said wipers, when in their overwiped position, in engagement with the overlasted margin of the upper.

17. Lasting apparatus comprising a plurality of wipers arranged to wipe an upper inwardly over a shoe bottom, a container for the wipers, and a plate attached to the last bottom and provided with a wiper-guiding surface constructed and arranged to hold said wipers, when in their overwiped position, in engagement with the overlasted margin of the upper, said wipers and their container being portable with the last while holding the upper in lasted position. 18. Lasting apparatus comprising a plurality of wipers arranged to wipe an upper inwardly over a shoe bottom, a container for the wipers, and a plate attached to an insole mounted on the last bottom and provided with a wiper-guiding surface inclined outwardly over the margin of the insole, the respective wipers being provided with surfaces arranged to interact with said wiperguiding surface in order to hold said wipers, when in their overwiped position, in engagement with the overlasted margin of the upper, said wipers and their container being portable with the last while holding the upper in lasted position.

19. Lasting apparatus comprising a plurality of wipers arranged to wipe an upper over an insole mounted on a last bottom, a container for the wipers, and a plate attached to the insole and arranged to arrest the wipers thereby limiting their overwiping movement, the respective wipers and the plate having interacting surfaces constructed and arranged to cause a relative movement of the wipers andthe shoe heightwise of the shoe as the wipers approach the limit of their overwiping movement, said wipers and their container being portable with the last while holding the upper in lasted position.

20. Lasting apparatus comprising a plate temporarily attached to a shoe bottom, the edge face of said plate being shaped to form an acute angle with the margin of the shoe bottom, a plurality of wipers, the edge face and wiping surface of each of said wipers forming an acute angle substantially the same as that deflned by the edge face of the plate and the margin of the insole, a source of fluid under pressure, means for carrying fluid under pressure from said source to the wipers to cause them to advance into the angle defined by the edge face 01' the plate and the margin of the insole with the margin of an upper positioned between the wipers and the plate, said wiper assembly being portable with the last while holding the upper in lasted position, and means portable with the wipers for maintaining the pressure against the wipers.

21. Lasting apparatus comprising a wiper arranged to wipe an upper inwardly over a shoe bottom, a source of fluid under pressure, a bladder formed integrally with the wiper, means for conducting fluid under pressure from the source of supply to the bladder thereby moving the wiper into lasting relation to the shoe, a member attached to the shoe bottom constructed and arranged to direct the wiper toward the shoe bottom as it approaches the limit of its overwiping movement, said wiper and the bladder being portable with the last while holding the upper in lasted position, and a valve for maintaining inflation of the bladder after the bladder has been disconnected from the fluid supply.

22. Lasting apparatus comprising a plurality of Wipers arranged to wipe an upper over an insole mounted on a last bottom, bladders formed integrally with the respective wipers, a shell within which the wipers and their bladders are contained, said shell having formed therein a guideway for controlling and directing overwiping movement of the wipers from the shell, a source of fluid under pressure, means for conducting fluid under pressure from said source to the bladder, the body of said shell being constructed and arranged to restrict the inflation of the bladder and to direct the pressure within the bladder against the wipers so as to impart overwiping movement thereto, a member temporarily attached to the shoe bottom and provided with a wiper-guiding surface inclined outwardly over the margin of the shoe bottom in order to direct the wiper toward the shoe bottom as it approaches the limit of its overwiping movement, said wipers and their bladders together with said shell being portable with the last while holding the upper in lasted position, and valves for maintaining the inflation of the bladders after the bladders have been disconnected from the fluid supply.

23. Lasting apparatus comprising a plurality of wipers arranged to wipe an upper inwardly over a shoe bottom, and a plate attached to the shoe bottom and provided with a wiper-guiding surface constructed and arranged to hold said wipers, when in their overwiped position, in engagement with the margin of the shoe bottom, said wipers being port-able with the last while holding the upper in lasted position.

24. Lasting apparatus comprising a plurality of wipers arranged to wipe an upper over an insole mounted on a last bottom, and an insole-engaging plate provided with a wiper-guiding surface inclined outwardly over the margin of the insole, the respective wipers being provided with surfaces arranged to interact with said wiper-guiding surface in order to hold said wipers, when in their overwiped position, in engagement with the overlasted margin of the upper.

25. Lasting apparatus comprising a plurality of wipers portable with the work and arranged to wipe an upper over an insole mounted on a last bottom, and a plate attached to the insole and arranged to arrest the wipers at the limit of their overwiping movement, the respective wipers and the plate having interacting surfaces constructed and arranged to cause relative movement of the wipers and the shoe heightwise of the shoe as the wipers approach the limit of their overwiping movement.

26. Lasting apparatus comprising a wiper arranged to wipe an upper over an insole mounted on a last bottom, a source of fluid under pressure, means for directing fluid under pressure from said source against the wiper, and means attached to the last bottom for directing the wipe! toward the shoe bottom as it approaches the limit of its overwiping movement.

27. Lasting apparatus comprising a wiper arranged to wipe an upper over an insole mounted on a last bottom, a source of fluid under pressure, means for directing fluid under pressure from said source against the wiper, and a plate attached to the insole and provided with a wiper-guiding surface constructed and arranged to direct the wiper toward the shoe bottom as it approaches the limit of its overwiping movement.

28. Lasting apparatus comprising a wiper arranged to wipe an upper over an insole mounted on a last bottom, a bladder formed integrally with the wiper, a source of fluid under pressure, means for conducting fluid under pressure from said source to the bladder, and a plate attached to the insole and provided with a wiper-guiding surface inclined outwardly over the margin of the insole in order to direct the wiper toward the shoe bottom as it approaches the limit of its overwiping movement.

29. Lasting apparatus comprising a plurality of wipers arranged to wipe an upper over an insole mounted on a. last bottom, a container for the wipers, a source of fluid under pressure, means for directing fluid under pressure from said source against the wipers, and an insole-engaging plate provided with a wiper-guiding surface constructed and arranged to direct the wipers toward the shoe bottom as they approach the limit of their overwiping movement.

30. Lasting apparatus comprising a plate temporarily attached to an insole on a last bottom, the outwardly disposed face of said plate being constructed and arranged to form an acute angle with the margin of the insole, a wiper the edge face and wiping surface of which form an acute angle substantially the same as that defined by the plate and the margin of the insole, and means for applying fluid under pressure to the wiper to cause it to advance into the angle defined by the edge face of the plate and the margin of the insole with the margin of an upper positioned between the wiper and the plate.

31. That method of making shoes which comprises supporting on a last a shoe which has been treated with adhesive to hold the upper in position after lasting, and simultaneously stretching the upper heightwise of the last' and wiping the upper over an insole mounted on the last bottom by means of a rubber wiping element constructed and arranged for frictional engagement with the lasting margin only.

32. That method of making shoes which comprises supporting on a last a shoe which has been treated with adhesive to hold the upper in position after lasting, simultaneously stretching the upper heightwise of the last and wiping the upper over an insole mounted on the'l'ast bottom by means of a rubber wiping element frictionally engaging only the lasting margin of the upper, wiping the margin of the upper in against an abutment provided by a plate attached to the insole, and trimming ofi the portion of the upper margin left upstanding.

33. That method of making shoes which comprises supporting a shoe on a last right side up in a work support constructed and arranged to turn about an axis extending longitudinally of the supported shoe, arranging the work support to position the shoe with its bottom uppermost, wiping the sides of the upper over an insole mounted on the last bottom by lasting means carried by the work, inverting the work support together with the lasting means, and wiping the ends of the upper over upon the insole.

34. That method of making shoes which com- 5 prises supporting a shoe on a last right side up in a work support constructed and'arranged to turn about an axis extending'longitudinally of the supported shoe, arranging the work support to position the shoe with its bottom uppermost, 10 wiping the sides of the upper over an insole mounted on the last bottom and against an attachment on the insole constructedand arranged to hold the wipers pressed against the overlasted margin of the upper at the limit of their over- 15 wiping movement, inverting the work support. and wiping the ends of the upper inwardly over the shoe bottom. v

35. That method of making shoes which comprises supporting on a last and right side up a 20 shoe which has been treated with adhesive to hold the upper in position after lasting in a work support constructed and arranged to turn about an axis extending longitudinally of the supported shoe, arranging the work support to 2 position the shoe with its bottom uppermost, wiping the sides of the upper over an insole mounted on the last bottom and against an attachment on the shoe bottom constructed and arranged to hold the wipers pressed against the overlasted margin 0! the upper at the limit of their overwiping movement in order to effect cement attachment of the upper to the insole, inverting the work support, and wiping the ends of the upper over upon the insole and against said attachment.

36. That method of lasting shoes which comprises wiping the margin at the sides of a shoe over an insole mounted on a. last bottom and against an attachment on the shoe bottom constructed and arranged to hold the wipers pressed against the overlasted margin of the upper at the limit of their overwiping movement in order to effect cement attachment of the upper to an insole on the last bottom, and wiping the margin at an end of the upper inwardly over the shoe bottom and against said attachment.

37. That method of lasting shoes which comprises wiping the margin at the sides of an upper which has been treated with adhesive to hold it in position after lasting over an insole mounted on a last bottom and against an attachment on the insole constructed and arranged to hold the wipers pressed against the overlasted margin of the upper at the limit of their overwiping movement, and holding the wipers pressed against the margin of the upper while the adhesive sets.

WILLIAM MACKENSEN. 

